RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary

From Complexity to Clarity: Modifying the Hunterian Transliteration of Hindi

Taejin Koh — 2024-11-20

This study examines the process of Romanization of Hindi, with a particular focus on the widely used Hunterian notation. Although Hunterian notation is praised for its simplicity and intuitiveness, it is not without shortcomings. These include inconsistencies in the representation of compound consonants, phonological nuances, and loanwords. These shortcomings impede the effectiveness of the system for learners and its use in global communication. In order to address these issues, the study puts forward a series of proposed modifications with the aim of enhancing the granularity and consistency of the Hunterian system. The objective of these modifications is to retain the simplicity of the original system while enhancing its capacity to accurately represent the phonological features of Hindi. The proposed system offers a practical benefit to those learning, teaching and using Hindi by providing a consistent, intuitive and accurate Romanization framework. Moreover, the study highlights the necessity for standardization in Hindi Romanization to facilitate global communication and language learning.

Impact of an Instructional program on Knowledge Regarding Diagnostic and Preventive Aspects of Cancer

I. Safreena — 2024-11-20

Prevention is an important part of solving the problem of cancer. The cancer miracle isn’t a cure, Its prevention. Early diagnosis and screening program can promote to greater probability of survival and less expensive treatment. Aim: To determine the Impact of an Instructional program on knowledge regarding diagnostic, preventive aspects of cancer in adults. Method: Quantitative approach, one group pre and post test design was opted. By using convenience sampling technique 50 adults identified in Padur village. Self-directed questionnaire on knowledge regarding diagnostic and preventive aspects of cancer was employed. The acquired data was processed and evaluated by descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: In pretest 36 (72%) had inadequate knowledge and 6 (12%) had adequate knowledge. in post test 44 (88%) had adequate knowledge, 6 (12 %) had moderately adequate knowledge and none of them had inadequate knowledge. The calculated t value 37.500 was statistically highly significant at p< 0.001 level. Conclusion: Instructional program on diagnostic and preventive aspects of cancer has procured significant effect on post test score.

Diasporic Consciousness: A study of longing and alienation of migrants in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake and The Lowland

Nancy — 2024-11-20

This paper aims at exploring Jhumpa Lahiri’s novels The Namesake and The Lowland to make it visible that how the sense of longing and alienation can create different world and therefore, conflicting frame of mind for homeland. This paper expresses the fundamental ideology of immigrants. The cultural conflict between the east and the west is making situation more complicating to adapt the new social set up and assimilating the life style of the west. Lahiri’s works expresses the sense of being uprooted from motherland and always-showing quest for identity and belongingness.

Evaluating the Impact of Open Book Exams on Secondary School Student Performance in Panipat District

Parul Vats — 2024-11-20

In this research paper I have thoroughly described about the topic “Evaluating the Impact of Open Book Exams on Secondary School Student Performance in Panipat District.” The purpose of this research is to determine how open book examinations affected the academic performance of Panipat District secondary school students. Research tries to evaluate the usefulness of this assessment approach by comparing average results from conventional tests with open book exams, and by examining subject-specific improvements. From 65.4% on conventional examinations to 72.8% on open book exams, with particular gains in Science and Mathematics, according to data gathered from 200 students. Additional qualitative evidence from both students and instructors points to less test anxiety and more involvement, lending credence to these results. Based on the findings, it seems that open book examinations provide a more conducive learning environment by allowing students to better grasp and apply what they have learned. This study suggests that open book examinations might be a good addition to secondary school evaluations, but more research is required to determine the long-term effects and problems with implementing them.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Communication and Its Role in Image Building for Companies in NCR

Shruti — 2024-11-20

The effect of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) messaging on NCR-based businesses' public perception is the focus of this research. Case studies of five well-known organizations, interviews with ten CSR managers, and survey data from two hundred customers make up the research's mixed-method approach. Results show that CSR messaging has a major impact on brand recognition, credibility, and customer retention. According to the poll, the majority of customers (78%) are aware of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives via digital channels, with social media having the most influence. Seventy percent of people also said they had more faith in businesses that are transparent about their CSR initiatives, and 65 percent said they are more likely to buy from organizations with strong social missions. Case studies demonstrated the efficacy of multi-channel solutions, and interviews with CSR managers emphasized the significance of honest and open communication. Companies in the NCR would do well to follow the study's recommendation and implement CSR procedures that are consistent, transparent, and engaging if they want to improve their reputation and attract loyal customers.

Regional Population Imbalance and National Security of India

Arjun Lal Jat — 2024-11-20

Demographic changes have significantly impacted the social, economic, political, environmental, and national security of most countries worldwide. Factors like uneven population density, high birth rates, low death rates, and uncontrolled migration have led to excessive exploitation of natural resources and have facilitated terrorism, separatism, and naxalism, thereby affecting national security. In India, rising illegal immigration, population growth, birth and death rates, and urbanization have created alarming conditions for national security. Addressing these issues requires both structural and qualitative population growth. Enhancing military strength as a form of manpower, alongside economic development, is considered a critical aspect of national security.

Abstract in Hindi Language: जनसांख्यिकीय परिवर्तन ने विश्व के अधिकांश देशों की सामाजिक, आर्थिक, राजनीतिक एवं पर्यावरणीय सुरक्षा के साथ-साथ राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा को भी प्रभावित किया है। अनियमित जनसंख्या घनत्व, अधिक जन्मदर, न्यून मृत्युदर, अनियंत्रित प्रवास जैसे कारकों ने जनाधिक्य के रूप में अनियंत्रित प्राकृतिक संसाधनों के दोहन, आंतकवाद, अलगाववाद, नक्सलवाद के माध्यम से राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा को प्रभावित किया है। भारत में बढ़ रहे अवैध प्रवास, जनसंख्या वृद्धि, जन्मदर, मृत्युदर, शहरीकरण जैसे कारकों ने राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए चिंताजनक स्थिति पैदा कर दी है। इन स्थितियों में जनसंख्या की संरचनात्मक वृद्धि के साथ-साथ गुणात्मक वृद्धि होना नितान्त आवश्यक है क्योंकि राष्ट्र की सुरक्षा में आर्थिक विकास के साथ-साथ जनशक्ति के रूप में सैन्यशक्ति का सुदृढ़ होना महत्वपूर्ण पहलू माना जाता है।

Keywords: अनियन्त्रित जनघनत्व, अवैध प्रवास, जन्मदर, मृत्युदर, मानव संसाधन।

Media and Contemporary Society: Current Trends

P.M. Suresh Kumar — 2024-11-20

Media plays a significant role in transforming human lives. In contemporary society, it exercises considerable influence in all walks of life. The extensive spurt of print media, the proliferation of electronic, online, and digital media, and lately social media point to this. The primary function of media is information dissemination. It connects people with the surrounding world of events and happenings. In modern society where power, politics, and religion have become instruments of control media assumes significance. Media serves as an extended arm of politics. Political parties require their services to gain and stay in power or topple elected governments. Unlike other businesses, media is a dispenser of ideology. Large media houses are akin to big business ventures. Social media have been largely influenced by political activism, a quest for identity besides the propagation of ideology. One of the striking developments in contemporary society is the expanding base of religion invading other social structures. We see the world over religion has been diabolic surpassing its inherent function of worship, spiritual satisfaction, and reflection of values that make life meaningful and coexisting. In encroachment into politics, the nexus between politics and religion has thinned down. This danger results in the culmination of a religion-driven society where the dictates of religion translate into guidelines for running the government and thereby a social order based on religion. Eventually, social life and political structures are subordinated. Such a situation is dangerous where social life boils down to an entity devoid of its plurality and diversity. This paper aims to discuss the current trends in the role of media influencing contemporary society.

Cereal Crop Disease Resistance and Climate Change: A Banaskantha District, Gujarat Study

Lalit Kumar Suthar — 2024-11-20

In this research paper, we explore the Cereal Crop Disease Resistance and Climate Change: A Banaskantha District, Gujarat Study, focusing on the interplay between climatic factors and disease incidence. Analyzing data from 2010 to 2023, the study reveals significant correlations between rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and increased vulnerability to diseases in key crops such as wheat, maize, and pearl millet. The findings indicate that even a 2°C increase in temperature can lead to a 10-12% rise in disease incidence, severely affecting overall crop yields and threatening food security. This research emphasizes the urgent need for adaptive strategies, including the development of disease-resistant crop varieties and sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of farmer education and advanced weather forecasting tools to enhance disease management. By proactively addressing these challenges, the agricultural sector in Banaskantha can bolster its resilience and ensure sustainable production in the face of climate change.

Social Satire in Sharad Joshi's Literature

Geetanjali Meena — 2024-11-20

Sharad Joshi was an Indian poet, writer, satirist, and dialogue and screenplay writer in Hindi films and television. He was honored with the Padma Shri in 1990. Sharad Joshi gave a new dimension to the genre of satire through his writings, making sharp critiques of the social and religious malpractices and politics of his time. His satires are as relevant today as they were in the past. In his satires, Sharad Joshi skillfully addressed political issues, social and religious malpractices, and contemporary events in such a manner that they deeply touched the readers' hearts and compelled them to think profoundly. His satires carried such incisive critique that they shook the readers to their core and left them pondering for a long time.

Abstract in Hindi Language: शरद जोशी एक भारतीय कवि, लेखक, व्यंग्यकार और हिंदी फिल्मों और टेलीविजन में एक संवाद और पटकथा लेखक थे। 1990 में उन्हें पद्मश्री से सम्मानित किया गया। शरद जोशी ने व्यंग्य लेखन की विधा को एक नया आयाम दिया और अपनी लेखनी के जरिए उस समय की सामाजिक, धार्मिक कुरीतियों और राजनीति पर चुटीला कटाक्ष किया। उनके व्यंग्य आज की परिस्थितियों में भी उतने ही प्रासंगिक हैं जितने उस समय थे। शरद जोशी ने अपने व्यंग्यों में राजनीतिक समस्याओं, सामाजिक-धार्मिक कुरीतियों, तात्कालिक घटनाओं को इतनी कुशलता और इस अंदाज में उठाया कि उन्होंने सीधे पाठकों के दिल को छुआ और उन्हें बहुत कुछ सोचने पर मजबूर कर दिया। उनके लिखे व्यंग्यों में इतना गहरा कटाक्ष होता था जो पाठकों को अंदर तक झकझोर देता था और लंबे समय तक सोचते रहने पर मजबूर कर देता था।

Keywords: शरद जोशी, व्यंग्यकार, सामाजिक, भारतीय समाज।

A Study on the Effects of Yoga Training and Recreational Games on Students' Pulse Rate

Kamlesh H. Jadav — 2024-11-20

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of yoga training and recreational games on students' pulse rates. The subjects for this research study were male BCA students from Khyati Foundation, Ahmedabad. Male students aged 18 to 21 years were selected as the subjects for this research. A total of 90 male students were randomly assigned to three groups: 30 students in the yoga training group, 30 students in the recreational games training group, and 30 students in the control group. Pulse rate measurements were conducted using a stethoscope as the measurement standard. To determine the effects on the yoga training and recreational games training groups, a One-Way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was applied, and differences between means were tested for significance using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) Post Hoc test at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the 12-week yoga training and recreational games training programs resulted in significant improvements in the pulse rates of the selected subjects.

Abstract in Gujarati Language: અભ્યાસનો હેતુ યોગ તાલીમ અને મનોરંજનાત્મક રમતો દ્વારા વિદ્યાર્થીઓના નાડીના ધબકારા પર થતી અસરોનો અભ્યાસ કરવાનો હતો. આ સંશોધન અભ્યાસમાં ખ્યાતિ ફાઉન્ડેશન અમદાવાદમાં બી.સી.એ.માં અભ્યાસ કરતા વિદ્યાર્થી ભાઈઓને વિષયપાત્રો તરીકે પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યા હતા. આ સંશોધન અભ્યાસમાં 18 થી 21 વર્ષની વય જુથના ભાઈઓને વિષયપાત્રો તરીકે પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યા હતા. આ સંશોધન અભ્યાસમાં 30 વિદ્યાર્થીઓ યોગ તાલીમ જૂથ, 30 વિદ્યાર્થીઓ મનોરંજનાત્મક રમત તાલીમ અને 30 વિદ્યાર્થીઓ નિયંત્રિત જૂથ એમ કુલ 90 ભાઈઓને રેન્ડમ પદ્ધતિથી પસંદ કરી ત્રણ જુથની રચના કરવામાં આવી હતી. માપનના ધોરણો માટે નાડીના ધબકારાનું માપન સ્ટેથોસ્કોપ દ્વારા કરવામાં આવ્યુ હતું. યોગ તાલીમ અને રંજનાત્મક રમત તાલીમ જૂથ પર થતી અસરો જાણવા એક માર્ગીય વિચરણ સહવિચરણ પૃથક્કરણ (One Way Analysis of Covariance) કસોટી લાગુ પાડી મધ્યકો વચ્ચેના તફાવતોને Least Significant Difference Post Hoc કસોટી દ્વારા 0.05 કક્ષાએ સાર્થકતા ચકાસવામાં આવ્યા હતા. જેનું તારણ આ પ્રમાણે જોવા મળ્યું હતું. પદ્ધત્તિસરના 12 અઠવાડિયાના યોગ તાલીમ અને રંજનાત્મક રમતો તાલીમ કાર્યક્રમથી પસંદ થતા વિષયપાત્રોના નાડીના ધબકારામાં નોંધપાત્ર સુધારો જોવા મળ્યો હતો.

Keywords: યોગ તાલીમ, મનોરંજનાત્મક રમતો, નાડીના ધબકારા, બીસીએ વિદ્યાર્થીઓ

Advancements in Water Management for Agriculture: Innovative Strategies for Efficient Irrigation Systems - with Reference to Sirohi District

Khem Raj Choudhary — 2024-11-20

In light of global climate variability and the increasing water scarcity, sustainable food production in agriculture depends on effective water management. This literary collection of research presents a detailed analysis of advanced methods and tools designed to increase irrigation efficiency and optimize water consumption in agricultural practices. The first section of the research literature highlights traditional irrigation techniques such as sprinkler, surface/drainage, and flood irrigation, pointing out their shortcomings and challenges related to soil erosion, water wastage, and energy use. It is followed by an introduction to efficient and effective irrigation techniques like drip irrigation, sub-surface drip irrigation (SDI), and micro-irrigation systems, which minimize losses and maximize resource use by providing precise water distribution directly to the crop root zone. This section also provides details on the progress of the agricultural area irrigated under micro-irrigation over the past seven years in the Sirohi district, located in the southwestern part of Rajasthan. Moreover, the research chapter discusses issues related to water wastage, energy consumption, and soil erosion in traditional irrigation methods, highlighting the need for innovative solutions to address these challenges. This chapter explores the role of advanced irrigation systems such as automation and control systems, automatic valves and pumps, and smart irrigation controllers in optimizing water distribution, improving efficiency, and reducing environmental impact. Overall, this chapter emphasizes the benefits of adopting efficient irrigation techniques, including water conservation, energy saving, increased crop production and quality, and reduced environmental impact.

Abstract in Hindi Language: वैश्विक जलवायु परिवर्तनशीलता और बढ़ती जल की कमी के मद्देनजर कृषि में सतत खाद्य उत्पादन प्रभावी जल प्रबंधन पर निर्भर करता है। शोध के इस साहित्यिक संग्रह में सिंचाई प्रभावशीलता को बढ़ाने और कृषि कार्यों में पानी की खपत को अनुकूलित करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किए गए अत्याधुनिक तरीकों और उपकरणों का गहन विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत किया गया है। शोध साहित्य का पहला खंड फव्वारा, सतही/नाली और बाढ़ सिंचाई सहित पारंपरिक सिंचाई तकनीकों पर प्रकाश डालता है, जिसमें मिट्टी के क्षरण, पानी की बर्बादी और ऊर्जा उपयोग के संबंध में उनकी कमियों और कठिनाइयों को रेखांकित किया गया है। इसके बाद ड्रिप सिंचाई, उप-सतही ड्रिप सिंचाई (एसडीआई) और सूक्ष्म-सिंचाई प्रणालियों जैसी कुशल एवं प्रभावी सिंचाई तकनीकों का परिचय दिया गया है, जो नुकसान को कम और संसाधन उपयोग को अधिकतम करते हुए सीधे फसल की जड़ क्षेत्र में सटीक जल वितरण प्रदान करते हैं। इसी के अंतर्गत राजस्थान राज्य के दक्षिण-पश्चिम में अवस्थित सिरोही जिले में विगत सात वर्षों में सुक्ष्म सिंचाई के तहत बोये गये कृषि क्षेत्र की प्रगति के विवरण को भी दर्शाया गया है। इसके अलावा शोध अध्याय में पारंपरिक सिंचाई विधियों से सम्बंधित जल की बर्बादी, ऊर्जा की खपत और मृदा क्षरण जैसी चुनौतियों पर चर्चा करने के साथ इन चुनौतियों के समाधान के लिए अभिनव समाधानों की आवश्यकता को रेखांकित किया गया है। यह अध्याय सिंचाई में जल वितरण को अनुकूलित करने, दक्षता बढ़ाने और पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव को कम करने में स्वचालन और नियंत्रण प्रणाली, स्वचालित वाल्व और पंप, स्मार्ट सिंचाई नियंत्रक जैसी ’अत्याधुनिक सिंचाई प्रणालियों की भूमिका की खोज करता है। कुल मिलाकर यह अध्याय जल संरक्षण, ऊर्जा बचत, फसल के उत्पादन और गुणवत्ता में वृद्धि और पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव को कम करने सहित कुशल सिंचाई तकनीकों को अपनाने के लाभों को रेखांकित करता है।

Keywords: जलवायु परिवर्तनशीलता, जल प्रबंधन, सूक्ष्म सिंचाई प्रणाली, जल संरक्षण, स्थिरता, मृदा क्षरण, पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव।

Israel and Palestine Conflict: A Contemporary Overview

Avdhesh Kumar Jajoriya — 2024-11-20

Israel is a relatively small geographical area. To its north lies Lebanon, while Egypt is situated to its south. On the eastern side, it is bordered by Jordan and Syria, whereas the western side features the highly renowned Mediterranean Sea. Thus, Israel is surrounded by nations collectively referred to as the "Arab countries." Apart from the immediate neighbors, the broader Arab region also includes other nations. All these Arab countries collectively support Palestine and often attack Israel. However, Israel is so advanced technologically, militarily, and economically that it manages to successfully defend itself against these adversaries. These Arab nations support Palestine, aiming to eliminate the Jewish presence in the region and hand over the entire area to Palestine. Their ultimate goal is to obliterate Israel's existence and preserve only Palestine.

Abstract in Hindi Language: इजरायल अपेक्षाकृत एक छोटा भू भाग है। इजरायल के उत्तर में लेबनान नामक देश स्थित है, जबकि इसके दक्षिण में मिस्र देश अवस्थित है। इजराइल के पूर्वी भाग में जॉर्डन और सीरिया नामक देशों की उपस्थिति है, जबकि इजरायल के पश्चिमी भाग में अत्यंत प्रसिद्ध ‘भूमध्य सागर’ स्थित है। अर्थात् इजरायल अपने चारों ओर से जिन देशों से घिरा हुआ है, इन्हें ‘अरब देशों’ के नाम से जाना जाता है। अरब क्षेत्र में इजराइल के चारों ओर उपस्थित इन देशों के अलावा अन्य देश भी शामिल हैं। ये समस्त अरब देश इजरायल के विरुद्ध मिलकर हमला करते हैं, लेकिन इजरायल तकनीकी रूप से, सैन्य रूप से और आर्थिक रूप से इतना सक्षम है कि वह अकेले ही अपने चारों ओर उपस्थित इन देशों से सफलता पूर्वक निपटने में सक्षम है। यहाँ उपस्थित सभी अरब देश मिलकर फिलिस्तीन का ही साथ देते हैं और वे चाहते हैं कि यहाँ से यहूदियों को पूरी तरह से साफ कर दिया जाए और इस संपूर्ण क्षेत्र को फिलिस्तीन को सौंप दिया जाए। ये सभी अरब देश इजरायल के अस्तित्व को समाप्त करके सिर्फ फिलिस्तीन के अस्तित्व को ही बनाए रखने के लिए उत्सुक हैं।

Keywords: इजरायल, फिलिस्तीन, संघर्ष, अरब देश।