Construction of a Stress Scale for Students of Higher Learning Institutions Residing as a Boarder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2025.v10.n1.019Keywords:
Stress, Scale Development, Hostel Boarder, Higher Learning InstitutionsAbstract
One manifestation of psychological discomfort is stress. Stress in moderation can improve motivation, physical performance, and environmental response. An increased risk of heart attack, stroke, ulcers, and mental illnesses like depression can result from excessive stress. A hostel is a place where people live away from their homes, usually at educational institutions. This study aimed to construct a stress measurement tool. To accomplish the purpose, convenient samples (70 boarders) were selected to collect data. Thereafter the draft stress tool of 32 items applied among the boarders. An item analysis was done to judge the quality of each item through t test. Finally, twenty-two items were kept in the final stress scale. To assess internal consistency of the stress scale, 260 hostel boarders were subjected to calculate reliability. Following the Cronbach Alpha method, the reliability score for stress is 0.75, which is highly significant. This study developed a stress scale for hostel boarders, assessing various stressors such as physical, behavioral, psychological, and emotional stress, allowing for stress assessment of both hostel and normal boarder.
References
Abiodun, M. B., Olaseewo, A. I. & Adejoke, K. R. (2024). Managing hostel overcrowding for improved student attitudinal behaviour. Journal of Educational Innovation and Practice, 8(3), 18-27.
Ahmed, O., Faisal, F. A., Alim, S. M. A. H. M., Sharker, T. & Hiramoni, F. A. (2022). The psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) Bangla version. Acta Psychologica, 223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103509
Akmal, A., Sajjad, M. & Akhlaq, B. (2023). Relationship of adjustment problems with quality of life: a survey among students living in hostel settings. Pakistan Journal of Social Research, 5(1), 526-535.
Amin, I. & Ramzan, R. (2023). Stress among boarders living in a selected hostel of delhi. International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods, 11(11), 73-76. www.ijaresm.com
Anonymous. (2022). Boarders prone to the perils of academic stress: what parents should do. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/parenting/moments/boarders-prone-to-the-perils-of-academic-stress-what-parents-should-do/photostory/90637741.cms
Anonymous. (2023). Statista Research Department. https://www.statista.com/topics/10075/stress-in-india/#topicOverview
Arria, A. M., Grady, A. E. O., Caldeira, K. M., Vincent, K. B., Wilcox, H. C., & Wish, E. D. (2009). Suicide ideation among college students: a multivariate analysis. International Academy for Suicide Research, 13(3), 230-246. DOI: 10.1080/13811110903044351
Cronbach, L. J. & Shavelson, J. R. (2004). My current thoughts on coefficient alpha and successor procedures. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64, 391–418.
Fatima, A., Kumari, M., Jahan, A., Sahul, P. K., Kukreti, P. & Sharma, M. (2021). Survey based study on stress level and sleep quality among hostelers. Medico-legal Update, 21(2), 1303-1316.
Frantz, A. & Holmgren, K. (2019). The Work Stress Questionnaire (WSQ) reliability and face validity among male workers. Frantz and Holmgren BMC Public Health, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7940-5
Karmakar, S., Mukherjee, S. & Sikdar, D. P. (2021). Item analysis using a derived test data of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding drug addiction. IASSI Quarterly: Contribution to Indian Social Science, 40(4), 708-724.
Kelley, T. L. (1939). The selection of upper and lower groups for the validation of test items. Journal of Educational Psychology, 30(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0057123
Kimberlin, C. L. & Winterstein, A. G. (2008). Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research. Am J Health-Syst Pharm, 65(1), 2276-2284.
Lee, E. H. (2012). Review of the Psychometric Evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale. Asian Nursing Research, 6(4), 121-127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2012.08.004
Liaqat, H., Choudry, U. K., Altaf, A., Sauleh, J. M., Rahman, S. A., Choudry, A. K., Kumar, A & Usman, G. (2017). Deranged mental homeostasis in medical boarders: evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress among home and hostel boarders. iMedPub Journals, 3(1.2), 1-6. DOI: 10.4172/2469-6676.100074
Narang, U., & Jahan, N. (2019). Stress, well-being and sleep disturbance among hostellers and non-hosteller students. IAHRW International Journal of Social Science, 7(5-1), 1131-1133.
Parveen, S. (2016). Stress management and its contributing factors among post-graduate students- a comparative analysis. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(4), 27-37.
Patil, S & Kalmath, S. (2016). A study to explore the stress and related factors among the boarders of hostel accommodation of selected residential schools at hubballi. New Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(2), 63-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jpn.2277.9035.5216.5
Ray, S. & Sikdar, D. P. (2023). Learning motivation scale (LMS): development and validation with prospective-teachers in West Bengal. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 48(3), 165-174. DOI: 10.9734/AJESS/2023v48i31077
Shahsavarani, A. M., Abadi, E. A. M. & Kalkhoran, M. H. (2015). Stress: Facts and Theories through Literature Review. International Journal of Medical Reviews, 2(2), 230-241.
Shetty, V. K., Hamza, M. A., Ahmed, A., Shirlal, S. & Kumar, M. S. (2020). Coping behaviours in economically disadvantaged hostel students in India. Indian Journal of Health and Well-being, 11(4-6), 213-215.
Slavec, A & Drnovšek, M. (2012). A perspective on scale development in entrepreneurship research. Economic and Business Review, 14(1), 39-62. https://doi.org/10.15458/2335-4216.1203
Tucker J, Sinclair R, Mohr C, Adler A, Thomas J. & Salvi A. A. (2008). Temporal investigation of the direct, interactive, and reverse relations between demand and control and affective strain. An International Journal of Work, Health & Organisations, 22(2), 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802190383
Vaskea, J. J., Beamana, J. J., & Sponarski, C. C. (2016). Rethinking Internal Consistency in Cronbach’s Alpha. Leisure Sciences An Interdisciplinary Journal, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/101490400.2015.1127189
Yaghmale, F. (2003). Content validity and its estimation. Journal of Medical Education, 3(1), 25-27.
Yavuz, S. (2005). Developing a technology attitude scale for pre-service chemistry teachers. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology- TOJET, 4(1), 17-25.
Welsh, J. W., Shentu Y, & Sarvey D. B. (2019). Substance use among college students. Focus. Psychiatryonline.Org, 17(2), 117-27.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
