Folk Narrative and Its Functions in Singpho Society

Abstract

Folk narratives constitute an integral component of the oral tradition of the Singpho community and serve as important repositories of cultural knowledge, social values, beliefs, customs, and collective memory. Known locally as Pung or Labau, these narratives occupy a central place in Singpho society, functioning not merely as sources of entertainment but also as effective instruments of education, social regulation, cultural transmission, and religious instruction. In the absence of a written historical tradition, folk narratives play a crucial role in preserving and communicating the worldview, identity, and lived experiences of the community. This article examines the diverse functions of Singpho folk narratives through an analysis of selected myths, legends, and folktales. It explores how these narratives impart moral values, validate social institutions and customary practices, reinforce religious beliefs, strengthen ethnic solidarity, and ensure cultural continuity across generations. The study further highlights the role of narratives in reflecting the social realities and value systems of Singphos while providing a framework for understanding their traditions and worldview. It argues that folk narratives continue to remain relevant in contemporary Singpho society by maintaining a meaningful connection between the past, present, and future. At a time when many traditional narratives face the threat of disappearance owing to rapid social change, the documentation and preservation of Singpho oral traditions become essential for safeguarding the community’s intangible cultural heritage and for facilitating a deeper understanding of its cultural identity.