Maternal Employment and Adoloscent’s Socio-Emotional Development- A Connection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n03.027Keywords:
working mothers, adolescents, socio emotional development, socialization, gender stereotypesAbstract
Several cognitive and behavioral effects are faced during developmental years by children as a result of mother’s employment. This study was undertaken to understand the impact of working mothers on adolescent’s socio emotional growth. The sample consisted of 60 working women from different parts of India. The women were part of Indian Army i.e they either worked themselves in Army or were spouses of Army personnel. SPSS Software 26 version was used for drawing conclusion. Pie charts and bar diagrams with tables for each question were drawn to make the results transparent. The findings show that the working mothers were able to instill good work ethics in their child/children. A few participants also reported that they were always able to help their children (especially daughters) break stereotypes and work for whatever they wished to accomplish in life.
References
Baker DP, Stevenson DL. Mothers' strategies for children's school achievement: Managing the transition to high school. Sociology of education. 1986: 156-66.
Fehrmann PG, Keith TZ, Reimers TM. Home influence on school learning: Direct and indirect effects of parental involvement on high school grades. The J. of Educational Research. 1987: 330-7.
Sheldon SB. Linking school–family–community partnerships in urban elementary schools to student achievement on state tests. The Urban Review. 2003; 35(2): 149-65.
Wynn J, Meyer S. Richards-Schuster, K. Furthering education: The relationship of schools and other organizations. 2000: 53-90.
Epstein JL. School, family, and community partnerships: Preparing educators and improving schools. Westview Press, 5500 Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301. 2001.
Jordan C, Orozco E, Averett A. Emerging Issues in School, Family, & Community Connections. Annual Synthesis, 2001. 2002.
Desimone L, Finn-Stevenson M, Henrich C. Whole School Reform in a Low-Income African American Community The Effects of the CoZi Model on Teachers, Parents, and Students. Urban Education. 2000; 35(3): 269-323.
Sanders MG, Epstein JL, Connors-Tadros L. Family Partnerships with High Schools: The Parents' Perspective. Report No. 32. 1999.
Sanders MG. Schools' programs and progress in the national network of partnership schools. The Journal of Educational Research. 1999; 92(4): 220-9.
Epstein JL. Attainable goals? The spirit and letter of the No Child Left Behind Act on parental involvement. Sociology of education. 2005:179- 82.
Graber JA, Petersen AC, Brooks-Gunn J. Pubertal processes: Methods, measures, and models. In: Graber JA, Brooks-Gunn J, Petersen AC, editors. Transitions through adolescence: interpersonal domains and contexMAhahwah, NJ: Erlbaum1996. p. 23-54.
Kim KJ, Conger RD, Lorenz FO, Elder Jr GH. Parent–adolescent reciprocity in negative affect and its relation to early adult social development. Developmental Psychology. 2001; 37(6): 775.
Unique Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, 03(02), March-April 2015
Aizer A. 2004. Home alone: Supervision after school and child behavior. Journal of public economics 88, 1835 -1848.
American Academy of Pediatrics. (1999). Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5. Bantam.
Associated Press. (March 1, 1999). Mother‟s Work Outside Home Doesn‟t Hurt Child. Washington Times.
Almani, S.A. et al. (2012) “Study of the effects of working mothers on the development of children in Pakistan”, International journal of Humanities and Social science, vol.2, no.11, pp.164-171.
Brooks-Gunn, J; Han W. J & Waldfogel, J. 2002. Maternal employment & child cognitive outcomes in the first three years of life. Child development, 73 pp 1052 – 1072.
Page 98International journal of advanced scientific and technical research Issue 4 volume 1, January-February 2014 Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijst/index.html
Hill & Associates. 2001. Early and extensive maternal employment, effect on 4 – 6 year children. Journal of marriage and the family, 53 pp 1083 – 1099.
Hoffman L. W. 1963. “The decision to work” In Nye F. Ivan & Hoffman LW (ed). The employed mother in America, Chicago: Rand McNally & company.
http://www.essortment.com/all/childrenofwor_mbs.htm.
http://www.census2011.co.in/p/about.php
Moore, T. W. 1975. Exclusive early mothering and its alternatives. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 16 pp 256 – 272.
Mahmood, K.A. & Hassan, A. (2012), “Emotional intelligence of children of working and nonworking mothers”, http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher
Priyanka Aeri and Devina Jain (2010), Effect of Employment Status of Mothers on Conceptual Skills of Preschoolers, Department of Human Development, Guru Nanak Girls College, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India © Kamla-Raj 2010 J Soc Sci, 24(3): 213-215 (2010).
Vidyawati and Kiran, U.V. 2012. A Comparitative study of personality among school going and non-school going adolescents, Asian journal of Home science (An international refereed research journal). 7 (2).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).